1、举例关系词
for example,for instance,e.g.,such as,like,take sth. for example,similarly
(出现这类词汇一定是细节的内容,如果没能听清前面的内容,也可以根据这些词去推断前文)
2、 2、选择、递进、并列关系词
or,either…or,and,as well,also,besides,apart from,in addition, what‘s more,furthermore,moreover
(听到这类的词汇不要忽略,重点往往在后面的词汇上,因为其本身就是表示对同一事物的递进和增补)
3、因果关系词
表原因:
because,because of,as a result of,as a consequence of,due to,result from, be attributed to,be contributed to,arise from,owing to,thanks to,in that
表结果
so,therefore,thus,as a result,as a consequence,lead to,result in,attribute to,contribute to,give rise to,bring about,generate
(因果关系的句子很容易进行句式转换,特别是调换因果位置,所以听清两部分的内容)
4、 4、顺序关系词
first, first of all ,for a start, in the first place, to begin with ,meanwhile, until ,subsequently
(在一些流程图一类的填空题中或者试验描述时,这些词可以称之为标记词,有时候根据此类词汇判断语调是否突然转变)
5、 5、总结关系词
in conclusion,to conclude,to sum up,in sum,all in all,in brief,on the whole,in a nutshell
(在Speaker即将结束对话或独白时,往往会提到这类总结路标词。虽然位于最后,也是一个不容忽视的考点)
1、否定关系词
not,none,no,never,non-,dis-,un-,in-,im-,-less,few,little,hardly, barely,seldom,neither…nor
(否定表示接下来要说新的观点,和之前听的内容是完全不同的,不要忽略表达否定意义的单词)
2、 2、转折和让步关系词
but,however,yet,nevertheless,nonetheless,in fact,actually,despite, in spite of,although,even though,though
3、对比关系词
unlike,by contrast,in contrast,on the contrary,conversely,otherwise
(当听到表示转折或对比的词或短语时,一定要集中注意力,因为此时speaker会提供新信息或完全相反的观点,也就是考点所在。需要引起注意的是,but一词考试是会弱化的,类似于/b?/,所以考试时一定要仔细辨音。)